過去問ぽちぽちby KKM Studio

37th Exam (Jan 2025) Morning Q25 Kaigo Fukushishi

Question (original Japanese)

次のうち、高齢者が嗜好(しこう)や温度覚の低下によって高温浴を希望した場合に、説明すべき高温浴の特徴として、最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。

  1. 1血圧の上昇
  2. 2腸蠕動(ちょうぜんどう)の促進
  3. 3腎機能の促進
  4. 4副交感神経の亢進(こうしん)
  5. 5心機能の抑制
Show answer

Correct answer 1

Key pointA hot bath of 42°C or higher stimulates the sympathetic nerves and raises blood pressure.

Explanation

A hot bath of 42°C or higher makes the sympathetic nerves (交感神経) dominant, and blood pressure rises because blood vessels contract and the heart rate increases, so 1 is correct. Because elderly people are at risk of stroke and heart disease, a medium-temperature bath of about 38 to 41°C is recommended.

  • 2: When the sympathetic nerves are dominant, intestinal peristalsis is suppressed, so it is wrong.
  • 3: Kidney function is suppressed, so it is wrong.
  • 4: The parasympathetic nerves become more active in a medium-temperature bath of about 38 to 41°C, so it is wrong.
  • 5: Heart function is promoted (the heart rate increases), so it is wrong.
Explanation in Japanese

42℃以上の高温浴は交感神経を優位にし、血管収縮や心拍数増加により血圧が上昇するので1が正しい。高齢者では脳卒中や心疾患のリスクがあるため、38〜41℃程度の中温浴を勧める。

  • 2:交感神経優位では腸蠕動は抑制されるので誤り。
  • 3:腎機能は抑制されるので誤り。
  • 4:副交感神経が亢進するのは38〜41℃程度の中温浴なので誤り。
  • 5:心機能は促進される(心拍数が増える)ので誤り。

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