36th Exam (Jan 2024) Morning Q52 Kaigo Fukushishi
Question (original Japanese)
統合失調症（schizophrenia）の特徴的な症状として、最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
- 1振戦せん妄
- 2妄想
- 3強迫性障害
- 4抑うつ気分
- 5健忘
Show answer
Correct answer 2
Key pointCharacteristic symptoms of schizophrenia are delusions and hallucinations (positive symptoms).
Explanation
In schizophrenia, positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations (auditory hallucinations) and negative symptoms such as decreased motivation and flattened emotions are seen. Delusions are a characteristic symptom, so 2 is correct.
- 1: Delirium tremens is a symptom seen during alcohol withdrawal, so it is wrong.
- 3: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is itself an independent mental illness, so it is wrong.
- 4: Depressed mood is the central symptom of mood disorders such as depression, so it is wrong.
- 5: Amnesia is seen in dementia, dissociative disorders, head injuries, etc., so it is wrong.
Explanation in Japanese
統合失調症では、妄想・幻覚（幻聴）などの陽性症状と、意欲低下・感情の平板化などの陰性症状がみられ、妄想は特徴的な症状なので2が正しい。
- 1：振戦せん妄はアルコール離脱時にみられる症状なので誤り。
- 3：強迫性障害は、それ自体が独立した精神疾患なので誤り。
- 4：抑うつ気分はうつ病などの気分障害の中心症状なので誤り。
- 5：健忘は認知症や解離性障害、頭部外傷などでみられるので誤り。