37th Exam (Jan 2025) Morning Q19 Kaigo Fukushishi
Question (original Japanese)
次のうち、恐怖や不安、喜びなどの情動に関わる脳の機能局在の部位として、正しいものを1つ選びなさい。
- 1扁桃体
- 2小脳
- 3下垂体
- 4海馬
- 5視床下部
Show answer
Correct answer 1
Key pointThe amygdala is involved in emotions such as fear and anxiety.
Explanation
The amygdala is part of the limbic system (大脳辺縁系) and is involved in producing emotions such as fear, anxiety, pleasure, and displeasure, so 1 is correct.
- 2: The cerebellum adjusts movement and keeps the body's balance, so it is wrong.
- 3: The pituitary gland is an endocrine organ that secretes various hormones such as growth hormone, so it is wrong.
- 4: The hippocampus is involved in memory (especially forming new memories), so it is wrong.
- 5: The hypothalamus is the center that controls body temperature, appetite, the autonomic nerves, and the endocrine system, so it is wrong.
Explanation in Japanese
扁桃体は大脳辺縁系の一部で、恐怖や不安、快・不快などの情動の発現に関わるので1が正しい。
- 2：小脳は運動の調節や身体の平衡を保つ働きをもつので誤り。
- 3：下垂体は成長ホルモンなど様々なホルモンを分泌する内分泌器官なので誤り。
- 4：海馬は記憶（特に新しい記憶の形成）に関わるので誤り。
- 5：視床下部は体温や食欲、自律神経、内分泌の調節を担う中枢なので誤り。