37th Exam (Jan 2025) Morning Q22 Kaigo Fukushishi
Question (original Japanese)
次のうち、歯周病（periodontal disease）の症状として、適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
- 1歯のくぼみの形成
- 2歯の硬組織の軟化
- 3歯髄の炎症・疼痛
- 4歯のエナメル質の侵蝕
- 5歯周ポケットの形成
Show answer
Correct answer 5
Key pointThe feature of periodontal disease is the formation of periodontal pockets.
Explanation
Periodontal disease is inflammation of the gums and the tissue that supports the teeth. The groove between the tooth and the gum becomes deeper and forms a periodontal pocket, so 5 is correct. As it progresses, the alveolar bone (歯槽骨) is absorbed and the teeth become loose.
- 1, 2, and 4: Formation of holes, softening of hard tissue, and erosion of enamel are features of dental caries (tooth decay, う蝕), in which the teeth are dissolved by acid from bacteria, so they are wrong.
- 3: Inflammation and pain of the dental pulp are symptoms of pulpitis (歯髄炎), in which caries has progressed and reached the pulp, so it is wrong.
Explanation in Japanese
歯周病は歯肉や歯を支える組織の炎症で、歯と歯肉の間の溝が深くなる歯周ポケットが形成されるので5が正しい。進行すると歯槽骨が吸収され、歯がぐらつく。
- 1・2・4：歯のくぼみ（穴）の形成、硬組織の軟化、エナメル質の侵蝕は、細菌の酸で歯が溶けるう蝕（むし歯）の特徴なので誤り。
- 3：歯髄の炎症・疼痛は、う蝕が進行して歯髄に達した歯髄炎の症状なので誤り。