37th Exam (Jan 2025) Morning Q51 Kaigo Fukushishi
Question (original Japanese)
次のうち、クローン病（Crohn disease）にみられる特徴的な症状として、最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。
- 1視力低下
- 2栄養障害
- 3咳嗽
- 4運動失調
- 5関節痛
Show answer
Correct answer 2
Key pointCrohn disease is characterized by diarrhea and abdominal pain from inflammation of the digestive tract, and by nutritional disorder.
Explanation
Crohn disease is a designated intractable disease (指定難病) in which inflammation and ulcers can occur anywhere in the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus. Abdominal pain and diarrhea continue, and poor absorption of nutrients causes nutritional disorder and weight loss, so 2 is correct.
- 1: Reduced vision is not a characteristic symptom, so it is wrong.
- 3: Cough is a symptom of respiratory diseases, so it is wrong.
- 4: Ataxia is a symptom of spinocerebellar degeneration (脊髄小脳変性症), etc., so it is wrong.
- 5: Joint pain may occur as a complication outside the intestines, but it cannot be called a characteristic symptom, so it is wrong.
Explanation in Japanese
クローン病は口から肛門までの消化管のどこにでも炎症や潰瘍が起こる指定難病で、腹痛や下痢が続き、栄養の吸収障害により栄養障害や体重減少がみられるので2が正しい。
- 1：視力低下は特徴的な症状ではないので誤り。
- 3：咳嗽は呼吸器疾患の症状なので誤り。
- 4：運動失調は脊髄小脳変性症などの症状なので誤り。
- 5：関節痛は腸管外合併症として起こることがあるが、特徴的な症状とはいえないので誤り。