36th Exam (Jan 2024) Morning Q20 Kaigo Fukushishi
Question (original Japanese)
次のうち、交感神経の作用に該当するものとして、正しいものを1つ選びなさい。
- 1血管収縮
- 2心拍数減少
- 3気道収縮
- 4消化促進
- 5瞳孔収縮
Show answer
Correct answer 1
Key pointSympathetic nerves cause vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, airway dilation, and pupil dilation.
Explanation
Sympathetic nerves work during tension and excitement; they constrict blood vessels and raise blood pressure, so 1 is correct.
- 2: Heart rate increases with sympathetic nerves; a decrease is an action of the parasympathetic nerves (副交感神経), so it is wrong.
- 3: The airway dilates with sympathetic nerves; constriction is a parasympathetic action, so it is wrong.
- 4: Digestion is suppressed by sympathetic nerves; promotion is a parasympathetic action, so it is wrong.
- 5: The pupils dilate with sympathetic nerves; constriction is a parasympathetic action, so it is wrong.
Explanation in Japanese
交感神経は緊張・興奮時にはたらき、血管を収縮させて血圧を上げるので1が正しい。
- 2：心拍数は交感神経で増加し、減少は副交感神経の作用なので誤り。
- 3：気道は交感神経で拡張し、収縮は副交感神経の作用なので誤り。
- 4：消化は交感神経で抑制され、促進は副交感神経の作用なので誤り。
- 5：瞳孔は交感神経で散大し、収縮は副交感神経の作用なので誤り。