過去問ぽちぽちby KKM Studio

38th Exam (Jan 2026) Morning Q45 Kaigo Fukushishi

Question (original Japanese)

次の記述のうち、椅子に座って食事をするときに、利用者が食事をしやすい姿勢を確保するための介護として、最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。

  1. 1足底を床につけてもらう。
  2. 2テーブルと身体の間は30cm離してもらう。
  3. 3椅子に浅く座ってもらう。
  4. 4体幹を後方に傾けてもらう。
  5. 5顎を上げてもらう。
Show answer

Correct answer 1

Key pointThe posture for eating: soles on the floor, sitting deep in the chair, leaning slightly forward with the chin tucked in.

Explanation

Putting the soles of the feet on the floor stabilizes the posture, makes it easier to keep the trunk leaning slightly forward, and leads to a posture that makes swallowing (嚥下) easier.

  • 2: The space between the table and the body should be about one fist. 30 cm is too far, so this is incorrect.
  • 3: The user should sit deep in the chair, so this is incorrect.
  • 4: The trunk should lean slightly forward, not backward, so this is incorrect.
  • 5: Raising the chin opens the airway and makes aspiration more likely, so the user should tuck in their chin. This is incorrect.
Explanation in Japanese

足底を床につけると姿勢が安定し、体幹をやや前傾に保ちやすくなり、嚥下しやすい姿勢につながる。

  • 2:テーブルと身体の間はこぶし1つ分程度で、30cmは遠すぎるので誤り。
  • 3:椅子には深く座ってもらうので誤り。
  • 4:体幹は後方ではなくやや前傾にするので誤り。
  • 5:顎を上げると気道が開き誤嚥しやすいので、顎を引いてもらうので誤り。

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