過去問ぽちぽちby KKM Studio

38th Exam (Jan 2026) Afternoon Q85 Kaigo Fukushishi

Question (original Japanese)

次のうち、レビー小体型認知症(dementia with Lewy bodies)の症状として、最も適切なものを1つ選びなさい。

  1. 1ノンレム睡眠行動障害による大声
  2. 2自律神経症状による起立性低血圧(orthostatic hypotension)
  3. 3聴覚認知機能の障害による幻聴
  4. 4側頭葉の萎縮による意味性失語
  5. 5嚥下機能(えんげきのう)の促進による食欲増加
Show answer

Correct answer 2

Key pointDementia with Lewy bodies causes orthostatic hypotension as an autonomic symptom.

Explanation

In dementia with Lewy bodies, autonomic symptoms such as orthostatic hypotension, constipation, and fainting are seen, and these can also cause falls.

  • 1: Shouting during sleep is REM sleep behavior disorder (レム睡眠行動障害), so it is incorrect.
  • 3: What is characteristic is not auditory hallucinations but visual hallucinations (幻視) of people, small animals, and so on, so it is incorrect.
  • 4: Semantic aphasia due to temporal lobe atrophy is a feature of frontotemporal dementia (前頭側頭型認知症, semantic dementia 意味性認知症), so it is incorrect.
  • 5: Swallowing function tends to decline because of parkinsonian symptoms and so on, so it is incorrect.
Explanation in Japanese

レビー小体型認知症では、自律神経症状として起立性低血圧、便秘、失神などがみられ、転倒の原因にもなります。

  • 1:睡眠中に大声を出すのはレム睡眠行動障害なので誤り。
  • 3:特徴的なのは幻聴ではなく、人や小動物などが見える幻視なので誤り。
  • 4:側頭葉の萎縮による意味性失語は、前頭側頭型認知症(意味性認知症)の特徴なので誤り。
  • 5:パーキンソン症状などにより嚥下機能は低下しやすいので誤り。

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